In the modern world, rapid technical and technological development causes changes in working conditions and thus the necessary personal competencies. All this requires a transformation of the existing approach to technical and vocational education. Therefore, teaching techniques need to be improved by applying new modern achievements of science and the principles on which it is based. The aim of this paper is to provide insight into the constructivist theoretical and practical framework of learning and teaching. This enables the transformation of the traditional approach to technical education based on behaviorism. The school system should enable the acquisition of technical and technological competences, to enable the student to selfregulate learning, to quickly adapt and understand the technical and technological environment, to anticipate their own role, and to properly evaluate and understand their own achievements. The paper presents the characteristics of constructivism as a theory of learning and teaching, the main principles and directions that characterize it, and guidelines of constructivist pedagogy for the realization of the process of learning and teaching. It also provides an overview of key constructivist strategies and approaches to technical and vocational education. Furthermore, the concept of constructivist transformation of the curriculum of technical education is presented, as well as detailed preparation for technical culture classes.