Title Onečišćenje neugodnim mirisima Author Nino Peršić Mentor Lidija Runko-Luttenberger (mentor)Granter University of Rijeka Defense date and country 2021-09-23, Croatia Scientific / art field, INTERDISCIPLINARY AREAS OF KNOWLEDGE Abstract Onečišćenje mirisom je pokazatelj promjena u okolišu koje mogu utjecati na dobrobit i zdravlje ljudi. Među izvorima onečišćenja mirisom su uzgoj životinja, odlagališta otpada, postrojenja za pročišćavanje, raznorazne industrije i kemijski spojevi koji idu u okoliš a imaju neugodan miris. Ljudi imaju jako osjetljiv osjet mirisa te mogu detektirati miris čak i kad su kemikalije prisutne
u vrlo malim ili bolje rečeno niskim koncentracijama. S obzirom da je miris ljudska percepcija, izuzetno je komplicirano i teško izmjeriti miris pomoću kemijskih, mehaničkih ili elektroničkih aparata u odnosu kao što je to slučaj s drugim neugodnim utjecajima kao što su na primjer onečišćenje bukom ili svjetlosno onečišćenje. Bez obzira jesu li ugodni ili neugodni mirisi, izazvani su udisanjem hlapljivih organskih i neorganskih tvari u zraku. Spojevi koji proizvode mirise najčešće su sumporovodik (s mirisom trulog jaja) i amonijak (s oštrim mirisom). Ugljikov disulfid, merkaptani, produkt razgradnje bjelančevina (posebno životinjskog
podrijetla) fenoli i neki naftni ugljikovodici su drugi uobičajeni mirisi. Različite kombinacije faktora mogu rezultirati štetnim učincima. U ovisnosti o vremenu, izloženosti i svemu ostalome možemo reći da postoje akutni i kronični učinci na zdravlje. Visoke temperature pojačavaju anaerobno propadanje i stvaranje neugodnih mirisa. Većina izvora su nastali čovjekovim
djelovanjem kao npr. smeće, ispuštanje raznih plinova iz elektrana. Nepravilno odlaganje na neko prazno zemljište čest je fenomen koji dovodi do neugodnog mirisa zbog truljenja bačenog smeća. Nekontrolirana i divlja odlagališta otpada, povećana proizvodnja otpadnih voda i nepravilni postupci njihova pročišćavanja također proizvode neugodan miris. Zato je bitno
pravilno odlaganje otpada, bitno je odabrati lokaciju na kojoj će se otpad odložiti. Također je potrebno kad govorimo o smanjenju smrada odabrati adekvatne metode za njegovo uklanjanje. Tu dolazi do problema u Hrvatskoj, primjerice kod centara za gospodarenje otpadom koji se nalaze na lokacijama u blizini naselja, koriste se zastarjele metode, a nadzor na terenu od strane
nadležnih službi nije dovoljno učinkovit.
Abstract (english) Odour pollution is an indicator of changes in the environment that have impact on the health and human well-being. Among sources of odour pollution are landfills, animal rearing, treatment plants, various industries and chemical compounds that go into the environment and have an unpleasant odour. People have a very intense sense of smell and can detect odour even
when the chemicals are present in very small or rather to say in low concentration. Considering that odour is human perception, it is extremely complicated and difficult to measure odour using chemical, mechanical or electronic devices, like it is case with other unpleasant influences such as noise pollution or light pollution. Whether pleasant or unpleasant odours, they are caused by inhalation of volatile organic and inorganic substances in the air. Compounds which produce
odours are most often hydrogen sulfide (with smell of rotten eggs) and ammonia (with a pungent odour). Carbon disulfide, mercaptans, the decomposition product of proteins (especially of animal origin), phenols and some petroleum hydrocarbons are other common odours. Different combinations of factors can result in adverse effects. Depending on the weather, exposure and everything else we can say that there are acute and chronic effects on health. High temperatures intensify anaerobic decay and the creation of unpleasant odours. Most sources are made by man, such as garbage or release of various gases from power plants. Improper disposal on some empty land is a common phenomenon that leads to an unpleasant odour due to rotting of thrown garbage. Uncotrolled and illegal landfills, increased wastewater production and improper wastewater treatment processes also produce an unpleasant odour. That is why is important to dispose of waste properly, it is important to choose the location where the waste will be disposed. It is also necessary when talking about reducing the bad smell to choose adequate methods to remove it. One of the problems in Croatia are new waste
management centres using outdated methods and located close to communities, while field inspection from the part of responsible bodies is ineffective.
Keywords
neugodni mirisi
onečišćenje
izvori onečišćenja
suzbijanje neugodnih mirisa
Keywords (english)
unpleasant odours
pollution
sources of pollution
odour control
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:231:451493 Study programme Title: Polytechnics Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2021-09-23 11:13:52
